Unfortunately people have these assumptions because of the commonly held truths set up within our own society. It is also a case of "My brother's girlfriend's mother's sister's neighbor said that such and such had happened to her, therefore it must be true." Although this type of persuasion appeals to the part of us that wants to believe that it actually happened because it ties to someone that we know, or our own family. If we take a closer look though, it does not actually happen to someone we directly know, it happens to someone that knows someone we know. This appeals to us because we know that our family members would never lie to us, and we extend this trust to these other people that have acquaintances with our family members. It is all about our own safety net, or zone. Within our safety net are people who we can trust at all times, and are people who share our own views on life, therefore extending our safety net to people outside requires them knowing people within. Even though the information may be wrong, we hold it as true because we have received said information from someone within our own comfort zone. This is how hear say can be portrayed as true events, or happenings, when in fact they are falsified, and my have never happened at all. Kind of like the time when my mom and I got into a fight and my cousin spread it through the family. When it came back to me through my aunt, it had turned into a case of "well Myriah is flunking school, is a bad mother and we have reason to believe that her child is not being fed." This was completely untrue to all degrees, but because of the "telephone effect," like the game we played as children, the information given was not accurate and was skewed way out of proportion, but the family believed this to be true because they had heard it from people within the safety net of life. This is how information can be perceived as true even though it is not.
http://www.stephenking.com/the_author.html
http://www.jodipicoult.com/
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